Production side streams consist of by-products and process waste. By-products include, for example, the most nutrient-rich ash that is sold for fertilising, and lime fractions that can be burnt to calcium oxide and used in other industries.
In addition to by-products and process waste, our operations generate hazardous waste, municipal waste and construction waste.
The majority of the side streams and waste generated by our operations can be utilised as by-products, for other material use and for energy generation. Only a small proportion is delivered to landfill or treated as hazardous waste.
Waste and by-products in 2022
We continuously improve recovery processes to avoid waste in pulp and paperboard production. We are also seeking new ways to reuse production side streams and use organic waste for energy generation. Our greatest challenge is finding applications for the green liquor dregs generated in the pulp production process, and and we are actively exploring solutions for its utilisation.